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GABRIEL-An archangel whose name means "God is my strength" and who is the one of the most beloved of all members of the heavenly host. Gabriel is also one of the highest ranked of all angels and is only one of two (or three) actually named angels in the entire Bible, with Michael and Raphael. Among the Jews, Gabriel's power and strength-as implied by his very name-were frequently noted in legends and tales. He has been called the angel of the power of God and also the angel of judgment and has been equated with thunder and majesty. In the role of judgment angel he will supposedly appear on the last day and blow the final trumpet that will call all of the living and the dead to come forth and face the final, irrevocable judgment of the Lord. Known in the Arabic as Jibril, Gabriel has a prominent role in Islamic teachings, for he believed to have dictated the entire Qur'an, surah by surah, to Muhammad and is called the angel of truth and the chief of the four favored angels.

GADIEL-An angel who lives in the fifth of the seventh heavens. his name was supposedly used as a word of power among sorcerers and was carried upon or within charms and amulets in the ancient world. Gadiel himself was apparently invoked as a means of repelling evil.

GARDEN OF EDEN-See Eden, Garden of.

GAVRIEL-An alternative spelling for Gabriel.

GAZAIYA-Also Gazardiel, an angel who in some Jewish legends is responsible for making certain that each day the sun rises and sets as it should and always at the appropriate time. According to another tradition, Gazaardiya helps to send the prayers of the faithful upward so that they might be heard by God.

GENIUS-A Latin term found in the religion of ancient Rome for a king or guardian spirit or angel-like intelligence who acted as guardian over an individual, a house, or even an entire nation. The genius thus had a variety of understandings, but perhaps the most common was a guardian spirit of the male (called a genius) head of a house or family and of the female (the juno) matron or house mother. The genius was derived largely from the Greek daimon or daemon.

GERMAEL-An angel whose name means "majesty of God." According to legend, he was one of the angels sent by God to create Adam from the earth, a task also ascribed to several other angels, including Gabriel, Michael, and Israfel. In one tale Germael, with his fellow angels, failed in the undertaking because the world would not surrender its dust, fearing as it did that humankind would turn away from God. In the place of these angels God sent forth from heaven the angel Azrael; this hardfisted angel did not fail.

GETHSEMANE, ANGEL OF-The angel who came to Christ in the garden of Gethsemane to give comfort and fortification during the terrible doubt-filled hours before Jesus' arrest. While the angel remains unnamed in Scripture, lore declares that it was probably the famed archangel Gabriel, although it is possible that the angel was actually the archangel Chamuel.

GEZURIYA-A member of the angelic choir or order of powers who has command over at least six other angels. One of them is Gazardiya, the angel who ensures the daily movement of the sun.

GLORIOUS ONES-The name used in the Second Book of Enoch for the seven great archangels whom Enoch visited while on tour of the heavens. He met them during his arrival at the sixth heaven.

GLORY, ANGELS OF-A group of angels who, as written in the Third Book of Enoch, reside in the highest heaven, called arabot by the Hebrew tradition of Enoch. They are said to number 660,000, standing in the high, honorific place near the very throne of God. They thus lead the very heavens in endless praise of God. The angel Sandalphon, one of the great angelic princes, has also been called an angel of glory.

GNOSTICISM-A heretical sect of Christianity that flourished in the first centuries A.D. It stressed the existence of two main worlds, a perfect and good spiritual one and an imperfect and wicked material one. The Gnostics also had a belief in angellike beings, such as the aeons and archons.

GOD, ANGEL OF-The term used often interchangeably with the angel of the Lord to describe an angelic visitor who is fulfilling some mission. Under certain circumstances, however, the name has also been used to denote God himself. The latter understanding is especially appropiate when interpreting angel of God or angel of the Lord as it appears in the Old Testament.

GONFALONS-A group or even choir of angels who form part of the "imperial host" described by John Milton in his Paradise Lost. They are spoken of by the angel Raphael.

GRIGORI-The Hebrew name for the watchers. (See watchers.)

GUARDIAN ANGELS-Also called tutelary angels, the well established and widely accepted belief that all people (as well as nations, cities, and churches) have a special angel who stays with them, watching over their lives and encouraging their spiritual well-being and happiness. Many deny that guardian angels could possibly exist, but others state, with the support of Scripture, theological writings, and common sense, that they do live, even if mortals forget or refuse to acknowledge their presense. The idea of the guardian angel is found in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and the roots of the belief date to the earliest times. St. Thomas Aquinas, one of history's foremost experts on angels, stated that all people have guardian angels. They remain with one throughout life, staying ever at one's side even during sin. They foster good works and help to direct the soul to salvation, but only if the soul is so inclined to be led.They cannot influence the will, but they do act upon the senses and project themselves upon the imagination and intellect, discouraging evil acts. According to Thomas, the angels remain even after death, standing with the soul in heaven; there, however, it does not encourage salvation, but assists in the glimpsing of the final brightness of eternal bliss. All guardian angels are taken from the lowest ranks of the celestial hierarchy, namely the choir of angels.

GUARDS-A type of angelic sentinel mentioned several times by John Milton in Paradise Lost. It is unclear whether the guards according to Milton were their own angelic choir or were merely posted angels from some other choir and receiving duties as guards.

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