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CAMAEL A notable angel whose name means "he who sees God," also known as Chamuel, Kemuel, and Camiel; he appears in a variety of legends and is honored with a number of titles, appearing in some occult lore as a denizen of the infernal legions of hell. In the legends describing Camael as an angel, he is credited with having authority over a mighty force of the so-called Angels of Destruction; he is also honored as the chief or one of the ruling princes of the angelic choir or order of powers, with such notables as Gabriel and, before his mighty Fall, Satan. He is listed as one of the seven truly powerful angels who have the great honor of standing in the very presence of God. Two other notable titles are borne by Camael. He is often declared to be the otherwise unnamed dark angel who wrestled with the Old Testament figure Jacob. although candidates for this renowned wrestling match have been, Uriel, Peniel, Michael, and Metatron. He is also thought in some tales to be the angel of the garden of Gethsemane,another usually nameless angelic visitor (most regularly said to be Gabriel) who gave comfort and encouragement to Jesus in Gethsemane in the terrible hours just prior to the Lord's arrest. One more legend relating to Camael. In this, found among Jews, he chose for whatever reason to prevent the reception by Moses of the Torah (the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible). This ill-advised act caused God to permit Moses the unusual privilege of actually destroying Camael in retribution. his function prior to this unfortunate incident was, according to Jewish custop, to serve as the mediator, taking before the angelic princes residing in the seventh heaven the righteous prayers of Israel. It is possible that the "destruction" of Camael by Moses signaled his fall from grace, for there is a tradition that he is now one of the high-ranking personages of hell.

CAPHRIEL One of the angels who have rulership over the days of the week; Caphriel is ruler of the seventh day, the important day of the sabbath.

CAPTAIN OF THE HOST OF THE LORD Also commander of the army of the Lord, the angel who appeared suddenly to Joshua, near Jericho, giving the mortal the instructions of the Lord as to how the Israelites should capture the city. There followed the famous destruction of Jericho's walls by the shouts and trumpet blasts of the Israelites. It is generally accepted that the captain was the archangel Michael, the angelic warrior so often associated with leading the heavenly hosts.

CASSIEL A high ranking angel who has figured rather prominently in the writings of occultists. Cassiel (or Kafziel) is one of the leaders of the choir of angels called the powers; he is also the angel of tears and temperance and one of the angels who has rulership over Saturday (each day of the week having its own ruling or patron angels).

CERVIEL-One of the leaders of the angelic choir of principalities. Cerviel was supposedly sent (according to one tradition) by God to assist the young and seemingly overmatched David in his fight with Goliath. Cerviel clearly provided the future king with both strength and inspiration, not to mention a keen eye. The angel, as often was apparently the case, did not receive any credit in the biblical account.

CHALKYDRI-Also khalkedras. The chalkydri inhabit the fourth heaven, along with phoenixes and such angelic notables as the seraphim and cherubim. According to the account of these "strange and wonderful" creatures, they were shaped like lions, with the head of a crocodile. they had multicolored appearance, with wings like eagles, but they possess twelve wings each. Following any command of the Lord, they normally accompany the sun ceaselessly, running with it, carrying both heat and dew as willed by God. A song is ever bursting from their throats. Some scholars consider the chalkydri to be brass serpants, thus be placed under the authority of the archangel Gabriel, who in some sources is said to have command over the Garden of Eden, serpants, and the cherubim.

CHAMUEL-One of the seven mighty archangels in many lists; his name means "he who seeks God" or "he who sees God." Often identified with the archangel Camael, Chamuel is one of the leading princes (or leaders) of the angelic choir of powers, ranked with such heavenly greats as Gabriel and, before his Fall, Lucifer. Chamuel took part in some famous biblical events.He was probably (but not necessarily) identified with the dark angel, the man or angel who spent an entire night wrestling with Jacob. Chamuel is also listed by angelologists as one of the two possible angels-along with Gabriel-who visited Christ in the garden of Gethsemane in Jerusalem, giving him comfort before his arrest and crucifixion. The angel, be it Chamuel or Gabriel, is said to have given encouragement to Jesus, reminding him of the promise of the Resurrection.

CHARIOTS OF GOD-The term used for angels or hosts of angels, as found in the book of Psalms (68). These angels are equated with the cherubim in later hierarchies of angels; the name chariot is probably derived from the description of the ophanim (Cherubim) by some accounts as wheels. Throughout the Old Testament they are described as the bearers of God's throne or his chariot.

CHAYDIEL-See Hayliel YHWH.

CHERUB-A shortened version of cherubim, one of the most powerful of the choirs or orders of angels. Over the centuries the cherub has developed at times a far more benign and approachable image, in large measure because of art. Today, the cherub epitopizes a small, chubby, exceedingly happy little angel, with tiny, adorable wings, more like a winged baby than one of the truly awesome servants of almighty God.

CHERUBIM-(Choir)-The second of the nine accepted choirs of angels, placed second as well in the first triad of the angelic hieraechy (with the seraphim and thrones) devised by the sixth-century theologian Dionysius the Areopagite. The cherubim are some of the most powerful and awe-inspiring of all angels, standing below only the seraphim in direct closeness to God; they thus are second only to their seraphic brethren in the degree to which they emanate the love of God and possess knowledge and wisdom. Their illuminative knowledge and wisdom are thus so great as to be utterly incomprehensible to the mortal mind, blinding the blessed human who has the honor of actually beholding them in this world. The cherubim are additionally given the arduous task of maintaining the records of heaven and seeing to the myriad details that must be fulfilled to maintain the heavenly host. Dionysius declared them to be guardians of the fixed stars. By the Hebrews they were called kerub, a name that may mean "one who intercedes"; Their chiefs are named as being Cherubiel Kerubiel), Ophaniel, Gabriel, Uriel, Raphael, and Zophiel.

CHIEFTAINS-The name given to certain angels who act as guardians or chieftains of assorted countries or nations in the world. The chieftains are found in the lore of the Qabalah and were said to number seventy.

CHOIRS-The name used for the order of angels, a method of organization that proposes a kind of celestial hierarchy for the entire angelic realm. The term choirs is probably derived from one of the most central roles of all angels, the singing of praises to God so that all of heaven and Creation reverberate with the joyous sound. The inderlying principle of the angelic choirs is rooted in the metaphysical understanding of varying degrees of angelic perfection or the extent to which each order reflects the perfect light of God's illuminative love.

CONFUSION, ANGELS OF-A group of quite unique angels whose function-as commanded by god-is to descend to earth and cause, as their name might indicate, confusion and chaos. While some could argue that the angels of confusion have been working hard in human affairs, especially in the modern era, they have been dispatched with probable certainty at least twice. Once, in Genesis (11:7), when the Lord journeyed down to have a look at the mighty tower that was being built. The second incident was recounted in the famous collection The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg. Here the angels were dispatched by God to the court of the persian emperor Xerxes (486-465 B.C.), who appears in the Bible under the name Ahasueras. The angels were to bring confusion and thus end the king's merrymaking. Jewish legend puts the number of angels at seven.

CREATION, ANGELS OF-The group of seven angels who are said to have been in existence before Creation of the world. That angels may have been created before the birth of the world is attested to by this passage in Job (38). According to the Second Book of Enoch, a useful source for angelic lore, the seven angels reside in the sixth heaven.There remains, however, serious discussion among angelologists as to when God created the angels.

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